Brunei's Social Structure, Political systems & Economy

MAIN REASONS WHY BRUNEI BEGAN TO RISE IN THE 19TH CENTURY;
ㅁ Human Resources
ㅁ They collect taxes

~BRUNEI TRADING CENTRE IN BORNEO~

ㄹ Natives supplied Merchandise (goods) for protection from the Sultan.

ㄹ Example of Natives;

                              ㅇ Iban

                              ㅇ Dayak

                              ㅇ Murut

(Picture example of a Dayak woman)

~BRUNEI TRADITIONAL POLITICAL CHECKPOINT~

ㄴ Why were POLITICAL CHECKPOINTs set up at the mouth of Brunei River?

: To control tribes.

ㄴ What is DAERAH?

: Daerah is 'Political Checkpoint' at the mouth of the river in order to control the people who lived near the river.

ㄴ Who is the head of TRIBES and where?

: They are THREE: - The Pengirans; in charge in; Oya, Mukah & Igau

                           - The Sharifs; in charge in; Sekrang, Serebas, Seriki, Telok, Marudu

                           - The Dato; in charge in; Sarawak, Samarahan, Sadong, Kalakah

~SULTAN AS THE HEAD OF THE ISLAMIC RELIGION~

ㅂ Who is SULTAN?

: - Sultan is the head of GOVERNMENT & RELIGION.

ROLE? -----> / To develop and spread the TEACHING OF ISLAM.

                   / To Introduce new system (islamic teaching)

ㅂ What are the 4 RELIGIOUS OFFICIAL that introduce by Sultan Sharif Ali?

: 1. Khatib

  2. Kadhi

  3. Imam

  4. Mudim

(Example picture of an Imam)

ㅂ What are the responsibilities of Religious Official?

: > To enforce Syariah Law

  > To collect revenues

  > Mosque administration

(Masjid)

+LAND AND PEOPLE+

ㅂ HEADS OF TRIBE

: Orang Kaya & Dato` --> incharge to make sure they have their loyalty to the Sultan.

ㅂ THE MALAY CHIEFS

: Dato Petinggi, Dato Bandar & Dato Temenggong --> Incharge in Sarawak River.

ㅂ MEMBER & ROYAL FAMILY

: Pengiran & Sharif --> authorities in Brunei

+DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION+

1. Kerajaan : Sultan

2. Kuripan : Wazir

3. Tulin : Royal Family

~BASIC OF ECONOMIC~

ㄷ PROTECTORATES of Brunei

: # Taxes

  # Use of Brunei Ports

ㄷ FEUDAL STATES

: # Supplies Good

~GOODS & JUNGLE PRODUCE BY NATIVES~

ㅎ Goods produce by NATIVES are;

                                                 ~ Nutmeg

                                                 ~ Bird Nest

                                                 ~ Spices

                                                 ~ Campor

(Example picture of Spices)

~THE MARKET FOR BRUNEI PRODUCTS~

ㅋ There are;

                  + Big (more) of Brunei Empire

                  + Control over Borneo Natives

                  + Big demand for Brunei products

                  + Role of Brunei as enter port trade

~INCOMES OF ROYAL FAMILY~

ㅅ How did Royal Family get their INCOMES?

: a) Personal Taxes

  b) Paying annual tributes

  c) Bungkar Sauh Tax

  d) Contributary Taxes

~THE HIERARCHY OF TRADITIONAL BRUNEI~

1) Sultan 

2) Wazir - Pg. Bendahara, Di-Gadong, Temenggong, Pemancha

3) Cheterias - Pg Shahbandar

4) Menteri Berchiris

5) Menteri Tidak Berchiris

6) Rakyat - lives in Brunei Town

7) Hamba - Feudal States (people who comes)

(Sultan surrounded by the Rakyat)

DONE BY;

NUR HANI AQILAH BINTI AZMI

Y9NSS1